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These five calculators cover the foundational relationships every electrical engineer must know. They are ideal for the fundamentals of engineering (FE) and principles and practice of engineering (PE) Power exam preparation. They are equally useful for solving real-world power engineering problems daily.

The calculators include Ohm’s Law, three-phase power, power factor correction, impedance, and transformer power rating calculations. Each one uses accepted industry formulas from IEEE Std 100, IEEE Std 141, and IEEE Std C57.12.00. The basics provide quick results; however, take into account the specific needs of what you intend to achieve. 

Simply enter your known values and select your preferred units. The formula used is shown with every result — no black boxes. Whether you are a student or a licensed engineer, these tools are built for you.

Ohm's Law & DC Power

Solve for Voltage, Current, Resistance, or Power — enter any two known values

V = IR  |  P = VI = I²R = V²/R
Solve for:
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Result
Formula Reference — IEEE Std 100V=I×R  |  I=V/R  |  R=V/I  |  P=V×I=I²×R=V²/R
All inputs converted to SI before calculation

Three-Phase Power

Real (P), Reactive (Q), Apparent (S) — balanced three-phase systems

S=√3·VL·IL  |  P=S·cosφ  |  Q=S·sinφ
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Results — Balanced 3φ System
Apparent (S)
kVA
Real Power (P)
kW
Reactive (Q)
kVAR
Power Factor
pf
Line Current
A
Phase Angle (φ)
°
Formula Reference — IEEE Std 141 (Red Book)S=√3·VL·IL  |  P=S·cosφ  |  Q=S·sinφ  |  PF=cosφ=P/S  |  φ=arccos(PF)

Power Factor Correction

Capacitor bank sizing to improve lagging power factor (IEEE Std 141 §8.2)

Qc=P·(tanφ1−tanφ2)

Enter real power and both power factors. Returns required capacitor bank — per IEEE Std 141 §8.2.

Answer units:
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Required Capacitor Bank
kVAR
Existing Q
kVAR
New Q (after)
kVAR
kVAR reduction
%
Cap/phase (Δ-connected)
µF
Formula Reference — IEEE Std 141 §8.2 / NEMA EEMACQc=P·(tan(arccos PF1)−tan(arccos PF2)) [kVAR]
C=Qc×10⁶/(3·2πf·V²) [µF] — delta-connected bank  |  Target PF must exceed existing PF

Impedance (Z) Calculator

Series RLC impedance — magnitude, phase angle, rectangular & polar form

|Z|=√(R²+X²)  |  XL=2πfL  |  XC=1/(2πfC)
Input mode:
Answer unit:
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Impedance Results
Magnitude |Z|
Ω
Phase Angle θ
°
Resistance R
Ω
Reactance X
Ω
Phasor (rectangular)
Circuit nature
Formula Reference — IEEE Std 100|Z|=√(R²+X²) [Ω]  |  θ=arctan(X/R) [°]  |  Z=R+jX
XL=2πfL [Ω]  |  XC=1/(2πfC) [Ω]  |  Xnet=XL−XC

Transformer kVA Rating

Single-phase & three-phase — solve for kVA, Voltage, or Current

S=√3·VL·IL  |  S=V·I
Phase:
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Result
Formula Reference — IEEE Std C57.12.001φ: S=V·I (VA)  |  3φ: S=√3·VL·IL (VA)
IFLA=S/(√3·VL) for 3φ  |  IFLA=S/V for 1φ
See more resources FE & PE Electrical Exam Prep · Formulas per IEEE Std 100, 141 & C57.12.00